Main Forage Category |
Sub Forage Category |
Scientific Name |
Common Name |
Flowering Period |
Exotic forage |
Forestry (Eucalyptus) includes formal plantations and other stands |
Eucalyptus grandis * |
Saligna gum |
May-Jul |
Eucalyptus cladocalyx * |
Sugar gum |
Dec-Feb |
Eucalyptus conferruminata * |
Spider gum |
Aug-Sep |
Eucalyptus diversicolor * |
Karri gum |
Feb-Apr |
Eucalyptus / ficifolia |
Red flowering gum |
Jun-Jul |
Eucalyptus sideroxylon |
Black ironbark gum |
Aug-Oct |
Agricultural crops |
Allium cepa |
Onion |
Oct-Dec |
Citrus spp. |
Citrus |
Sep-Nov |
Daucus carota |
Carrot |
Nov-Dec |
Medicago sativa |
Lusern/Lucerne |
Sep-Mar |
Malus domestica |
Apple |
Oct-Nov |
Persea americana |
Avocado |
Aug-Oct |
Suburban plantings |
Phytolacca dioica * |
Omb� |
Oct-Dec |
Schinus terebinthifolius * |
Brazillian pepper |
Nov-Apr |
|
Suburban gardens |
Sep-Jan |
Weeds |
Raphanus raphanistrum |
Wild radish |
Apr-Aug |
Indigenous / Natural Forage |
Natural species or species groups |
Acacia / Senegalia mellifera ^ |
Black thorn |
Sep-Dec |
Acacia caffra / Senegalia caffra ^ |
Common hook thorn |
Oct-Mar |
Acacia karroo / Vachellia karroo ^ |
Sweet thorn |
Sep-Mar |
Aloe ferox |
Red aloe |
Jul-Aug |
Erica spp. |
Erica spp. |
Jan-Dec |
Euclea spp. |
Guarris |
May-Sep |
Juncus spp. |
Rush |
May-Dec |
Mesembs |
Mesembs |
Jan-Dec |
Olea europaea subsp. Cuspidata |
Wild olive |
Jan-Dec |
Protea spp. |
Protea spp. |
Jan-Dec |
Salix mucronata |
Cape silver willow |
Aug-Oct |
Scutia myrtina |
Cat thorn |
Dec |
Searsia lancea |
Karee |
Dec-Apr |
Vegetation units |
|
Eastern Cape Thicket |
Jan-Dec |
|
Eastern Cape Thicket |
Jan-Dec |
|
Indigenous Forest |
Jan-Dec |
|
Coastal fynbos |
Jan-Dec |
|
Mountain Fynbos |
Dec-Apr |
|
Karoo |
Jan-Dec |
|
Bushveld |
Jan-Dec |
Plants important to South African beekeepers as honey bee forage (adopted from 2011-2013 beekeeper survey; Tlou Masehela PhD Thesis). Beekeeper home province. Some species may not occur here, but beekeepers are moving hives to those species from this province.
Main Forage Category |
Sub Forage Category |
Scientific Name |
Common Name |
Flowering Period |
Exotic forage |
Forestry (Eucalyptus) includes formal plantations and other (Euc |
Eucalyptus paniculata |
Grey ironbark gum |
Sep-Mar |
Eucalyptus / ficifolia |
Red flowering gum |
Dec-Feb |
Eucalyptus sideroxylon |
Black ironbark gum |
Aug-Mar |
Agricultural crops |
Medicago sativa |
Lusern/Lucerne |
Nov-Mar |
Suburban plantings |
Suburban plantings |
Suburban gardens |
Aug-Oct |
Weeds |
Echium vulgare * |
Echium/Bloublom |
Aug-Nov |
Bidens formosa |
Cosmos |
Mar-May |
Hypochaeris radicata |
False dandelion |
Aug-Oct |
Plantago lanceolata |
Plantain |
Aug-Oct |
Raphanus raphanistrum |
Wild radish |
Apr-Dec |
Indigenous/Natural Forage |
Natural species or species groups |
Acacia / Senegalia mellifera ^ |
Black thorn |
Oct-Jan |
Acacia caffra / Senegalia caffra ^ |
Common hook thorn |
Oct-Jan |
Acacia karroo / Vachellia karroo ^ |
Sweet thorn |
Oct-Jan |
Searsia lancea |
Karee |
Apr-May |
Senecio apiifolius |
Winter weed |
May-Aug |
Vegetation units |
|
Karoo |
Aug-Mar |
|
|
|
Plants important to South African beekeepers as honey bee forage (adopted from 2011-2013 beekeeper survey; Tlou Masehela PhD Thesis). Beekeeper home province. Some species may not occur here, but beekeepers are moving hives to those species from this province.
Main Forage Category |
Sub Forage Category |
Scientific Name |
Common Name |
Flowering Period |
Indigenous / Natural Forage |
Forestry (Eucalyptus) includes formal plantations and other stands |
Eucalyptus melliodora |
Yellow box gum |
Oct-Feb |
Eucalyptus camaldulensis * |
River red gum |
Sep-Mar |
Eucalyptus cladocalyx * |
Sugar gum |
Oct-Dec |
Eucalyptus / ficifolia |
Red flowering gum |
Jun-Jan |
Eucalyptus grandis * |
Saligna gum |
Oct-Feb |
Eucalyptus paniculata |
Grey ironbark gum |
Aug-Feb |
Eucalyptus sideroxylon |
Black ironbark gum |
Feb-Oct |
Eucalyptus tereticornis * |
Forest red gum |
May-Oct |
Eucalyptus viminalis |
Manna gum |
Mar-Jun |
Agricultural crops |
Citrus spp. |
Citrus |
May-Sep |
Helianthus annuus |
Sunflower |
Jan-Mar |
Litchi spp. |
Litchi |
Aug |
Macadamia spp. |
Macadamia |
Oct |
Medicago sativa |
Lusern/Lucerne |
Sep-Mar |
Magnifera indica |
Mango |
Aug |
Passiflora edulis |
Granadilla |
Aug-Apr |
Persea americana |
Avocado |
Oct-Dec |
Phaseolus vulgaris |
Kidney beans |
Jan-Mar |
Rubus idaeus |
Raspberry |
Oct-Feb |
Saccharum spp. |
Suger-cane |
Dec-May |
Vaccinium spp. |
Blueberry |
Jun-Dec |
Suburban plantings |
Jacaranda mimosifolia * |
Jacaranda |
Aug-Nov |
Schinus terebinthifolius * |
Brazillian pepper |
Nov-Mar |
|
Suburban gardens |
Sep-Apr |
Weeds |
Acacia decurrens * |
Green wattle |
Jul-Sep |
Bidens formosa |
Cosmos |
Jan-May |
Bidens pilosa |
Black jack |
Feb-Apr |
Hypochaeris radicata |
False dandelion |
Feb-Apr |
Prosopis spp. * |
Prosopis spp. |
Sep-Oct |
Tagetes minuta |
Khakhi bush |
Oct-Apr |
Indigenous/Natural Forage |
Natural species or species groups |
Acacia / Senegalia mellifera ^ |
Black thorn |
Oct-Jan |
Acacia caffra / Senegalia caffra ^ |
Common hook thorn |
Sep-Jan |
Acacia / Senegalia |
Monkey thorn |
Sep-Jan |
Acacia karroo / Vachellia karroo ^ |
Sweet thorn |
Oct-Jan |
Agathosma spp. |
Buchu |
Dec |
Aloe grandidentata |
Kanniedood |
May-Jul |
Aloe greatheadii subsp davyana |
Spotted aloe |
Jun-Sep |
Aloe marlothii |
Mountain aloe |
May-Jul |
Asparagus spp. ^ |
Wild asparagus |
Sep-Oct |
Combretum spp. |
Bushwillow |
Oct-Jan |
Dombeya rotundifolia |
Wild pear |
Aug-Sep |
Faurea saligna |
Bushveld boekenhout |
Nov-Jan |
Protea spp. |
Protea spp. |
Nov-Jan |
Scutia myrtina |
Cat thorn |
Nov-Jan |
Searsia lancea |
Karee |
Feb-Jul |
Senecio apiifolius |
Winter weed |
Apr-Jul |
Ziziphus mucronata |
Buffalo thorn |
Oct-Jan |
Vegetation units |
Vegetation units |
Bushveld |
Jan-Dec |
Plants important to South African beekeepers as honey bee forage (adopted from 2011-2013 beekeeper survey; Tlou Masehela PhD Thesis). Beekeeper home province. Some species may not occur here, but beekeepers are moving hives to those species from this province.
Main Forage Category |
Sub Forage Category |
Scientific Name |
Common Name |
Flowering Period |
Exotic Forage |
Forestry (Eucalyptus) includes formal plantations and other stands |
Eucalyptus grandis * |
Saligna gum |
Jan-Jul |
Eucalyptus sideroxylon |
Black ironbark gum |
Aug-Mar |
Agricultural crops |
Allium cepa |
Onion |
Mar |
Aspalathus linearis |
Rooibos |
Oct-Feb |
Brassica napus var. oleifera |
Canola |
Jun |
Citrus spp. |
Citrus |
Aug-Nov |
Helianthus annuus |
Sunflower |
Feb-Mar |
Litchi spp. |
Litchi |
Sep-Oct |
Macadamia spp. |
Macadamia |
Aug-Oct |
Persea americana |
Avocado |
Jul-Nov |
Saccharum spp. |
Suger-cane |
Nov-Jan |
Vitis vinifera |
Grape |
Mar |
Suburban plantings |
|
Suburban gardens |
Jan-Dec |
Indigenous / Natural Forage |
Natural species or species groups |
Acacia karroo / Vachellia karroo ^ |
Sweet thorn |
Nov-Jan |
Aloe greatheadii subsp davyana |
Spotted aloe |
May |
Halleria spp. |
Halleria spp. |
May-Dec |
Searsia lancea |
Karee |
Aug-Sep |
Ziziphus mucronata |
Buffalo thorn |
Oct-Feb |
Vegetation units |
|
Indigenous Forest |
Jan-Dec |
|
Eastern Cape Thicket |
Dec-Jan |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Plants important to South African beekeepers as honey bee forage (adopted from 2011-2013 beekeeper survey; Tlou Masehela PhD Thesis). Beekeeper home province. Some species may not occur here, but beekeepers are moving hives to those species from this province.
Main Forage Category |
Sub Forage Category |
Scientific Name |
Common Name |
Flowering Period |
Exotic Forage |
Forestry (Eucalyptus) includes formal plantations and other stands |
Eucalyptus grandis * |
Saligna gum |
Feb-Aug |
Eucalyptus diversicolor * |
Karri gum |
Jan-Apr |
Eucalyptus paniculata |
Grey ironbark gum |
May-Jun |
Agricultural crops |
Citrus spp. |
Citrus |
May-Jul |
Cucurbita sp. |
Pumpkin |
Jan-Mar |
Cucurbita sp. (Butternut) |
Butternut |
Nov-Mar |
Helianthus annuus |
Sunflower |
Nov-Mar |
Litchi spp. |
Litchi |
Nov-Mar |
Macadamia spp. |
Macadamia |
May-Oct |
Magnifera indica |
Mango |
Aug-Nov |
Persea americana |
Avocado |
Mar-Apr |
Saccharum spp. |
Suger-cane |
Feb-Mar |
Suburban plantings |
|
Suburban gardens |
Jan-Dec |
Indigenous / Natural Forage |
Natural species or species groups |
Acacia / Senegalia mellifera ^ |
Black thorn |
Sep-Nov |
Acacia caffra / Senegalia caffra ^ |
Common hook thorn |
Oct-Jan |
Acacia karroo / Vachellia karroo ^ |
Sweet thorn |
Dec-Jan |
Aloe greatheadii subsp davyana |
Spotted aloe |
Jun-Jul |
Faurea saligna |
Bushveld boekenhout |
Sep-Nov |
Searsia lancea |
Karee |
Sep-Nov |
Vegetation units |
|
Indigenous Forest |
Sep-Mar |
|
Bushveld |
Sep-Jan |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Plants important to South African beekeepers as honey bee forage (adopted from 2011-2013 beekeeper survey; Tlou Masehela PhD Thesis). Beekeeper home province. Some species may not occur here, but beekeepers are moving hives to those species from this province.
Main Forage Category |
Sub Forage Category |
Scientific Name |
Common Name |
Flowering Period |
Exotic Forage |
Forestry (Eucalyptus) includes formal plantations and other stands |
Eucalyptus camaldulensis * |
River red gum |
Jun-Nov |
Eucalyptus fastigata |
Brown barrel gum |
Dec-Jan |
Eucalyptus grandis * |
Saligna gum |
Feb-Jun |
Eucalyptus sideroxylon |
Black ironbark gum |
Mar-Aug |
Agricultural crops |
Brassica napus var. oleifera |
Canola |
Jul-Aug |
Citrus spp. |
Citrus |
Aug-Nov |
Helianthus annuus |
Sunflower |
Feb-Mar |
Litchi spp. |
Litchi |
Aug-Nov |
Macadamia spp. |
Macadamia |
Sep-Dec |
Medicago sativa |
Lusern/Lucerne |
Nov-Mar |
Magnifera indica |
Mango |
Sep-Nov |
Malus domestica |
Apple |
Oct-Dec |
Persea americana |
Avocado |
Sep-Oct |
Phaseolus vulgaris |
Kidney beans |
Jan-Mar |
Psidium guajava |
Guava |
Sep-Dec |
Rubus idaeus |
Raspberry |
Feb-Mar |
Saccharum spp. |
Suger-cane |
Nov-May |
Vitis vinifera |
Grape |
Mar |
Suburban plantings |
|
Suburban gardens |
Jan-Dec |
Weeds |
Bidens formosa |
Cosmos |
Mar-Apr |
Bidens pilosa |
Black jack |
Feb-Apr |
Indigenous / Natural Forage |
Natural species or species groups |
Acacia karroo / Vachellia karroo ^ |
Sweet thorn |
Dec-Feb |
Aloe greatheadii subsp davyana |
Spotted aloe |
Jun-Aug |
Aloe marlothii |
Mountain aloe |
Jun-Aug |
Asparagus spp. ^ |
Wild asparagus |
Sep-Nov |
Combretum spp. |
Bushwillow |
Jun-Aug |
Dombeya rotundifolia |
Wild pear |
Jul-Sep |
Euclea natalensis |
Natal guarri |
Jun-Nov |
Faurea saligna |
Bushveld boekenhout |
Dec-Feb |
Halleria lucida |
Tree fuchsia |
Jun-Nov |
Searsia chirindensis |
Red currant |
Aug-Dec |
Searsia lancea |
Karee |
Jul-Aug |
Senecio apiifolius |
Winter weed |
Jun-Aug |
Ziziphus mucronata |
Buffalo thorn |
Sep-Nov |
Vegetation units |
|
Bushveld |
Jan-Dec |
|
Indigenous Forest |
Sep-Nov |
Plants important to South African beekeepers as honey bee forage (adopted from 2011-2013 beekeeper survey; Tlou Masehela PhD Thesis). Beekeeper home province. Some species may not occur here, but beekeepers are moving hives to those species from this province.
Main Forage Category |
Sub Forage Category |
Scientific Name |
Common Name |
Flowering Period |
Exotic Forage |
Forestry (Eucalyptus) includes formal plantations and other stands |
Eucalyptus sideroxylon |
Black ironbark gum |
Mar-Aug |
Eucalyptus camaldulensis * |
River red gum |
Nov |
Eucalyptus melliodora |
Yellow box gum |
Sep-Oct |
Agricultural crops |
Allium cepa |
Onion |
Oct-Nov |
Cucurbita sp. |
Pumpkin |
Oct-Mar |
Helianthus annuus |
Sunflower |
Feb-Mar |
Medicago sativa |
Lusern/Lucerne |
Sep-Mar |
Suburban plantings |
Schinus terebinthifolius * |
Brazillian pepper |
Jan-Mar |
|
Suburban gardens |
Nov-Mar |
Weeds |
Hypochaeris radicata |
False dandelion |
Aug-Oct |
Prosopis spp. * |
Prosopis spp. |
Oct-Dec |
Indigenous / Natural Forage |
Natural species or species groups |
Acacia / Senegalia mellifera ^ |
Black thorn |
Aug-Oct |
Acacia caffra / Senegalia caffra ^ |
Common hook thorn |
Aug |
Acacia karroo / Vachellia karroo ^ |
Sweet thorn |
Dec-Jan |
Acacia tortilis / Vachellia tortilis ^ |
Umbrella thorn |
Nov-Mar |
Aloe grandidentata |
Kanniedood |
Jul-Aug |
Aloe marlothii |
Mountain aloe |
Jun-Sep |
Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata |
Wild olive |
Jan-Mar |
Searsia lancea |
Karee |
Feb-Apr |
Senecio apiifolius |
Winter weed |
May-Aug |
Ziziphus mucronata |
Buffalo thorn |
Oct-Jan |
Zygophyllum spp. |
|
Jun-Jul |
Vegetation units |
|
Namaqualand & Renosterveld |
Jul-Sep |
|
Karoo |
May-Aug |
|
|
|
Plants important to South African beekeepers as honey bee forage (adopted from 2011-2013 beekeeper survey; Tlou Masehela PhD Thesis). Beekeeper home province. Some species may not occur here, but beekeepers are moving hives to those species from this province.
Main Forage Category |
Sub Forage Category |
Scientific Name |
Common Name |
Flowering Period |
Exotic Forage |
Forestry (Eucalyptus) includes formal plantations and other stands |
Eucalyptus grandis * |
Saligna gum |
Nov-Feb |
Eucalyptus camaldulensis * |
River red gum |
Sep-Dec |
Eucalyptus melliodora |
Yellow box gum |
May-Dec |
Eucalyptus paniculata |
Grey ironbark gum |
Apr-Aug |
Eucalyptus sideroxylon |
Black ironbark gum |
Mar-Oct |
Eucalyptus tereticornis * |
Forest red gum |
Sep-Nov |
Eucalyptus viminalis |
Manna gum |
Nov-Jan |
Agricultural crops |
Cucurbita sp. |
Pumpkin |
Dec-Jan |
Macadamia spp. |
Macadamia |
Jan-Apr |
Suburban plantings |
|
Suburban gardens |
Jan-Dec |
Weeds |
Bidens formosa |
Cosmos |
Mar-May |
Raphanus raphanistrum |
Wild radish |
May-Jul |
Indigenous / Natural Forage |
Natural species or species groups |
Acacia / Senegalia mellifera ^ |
Black thorn |
Sep-Oct |
Acacia caffra / Senegalia caffra ^ |
Common hook thorn |
Sep-Dec |
Acacia karroo / Vachellia karroo ^ |
Sweet thorn |
Oct-Jan |
Aloe greatheadii subsp davyana |
Spotted aloe |
Jul-Aug |
Aloe marlothii |
Mountain aloe |
Jun-Jul |
Searsia lancea |
Karee |
Apr-Jul |
Ziziphus mucronata |
Buffalo thorn |
Nov-Jan |
Vegetation units |
|
Bushveld |
Sep-Jan |
|
|
|
Plants important to South African beekeepers as honey bee forage (adopted from 2011-2013 beekeeper survey; Tlou Masehela PhD Thesis). Beekeeper home province. Some species may not occur here, but beekeepers are moving hives to those species from this province.
Main Forage Category |
Sub Forage Category |
Scientific Name |
Common Name |
Flowering Period |
Exotic Forage |
Forestry (Eucalyptus) includes formal plantations and other stands |
Eucalyptus camaldulensis * |
River red gum |
Aug-Jan |
Eucalyptus cladocalyx * |
Sugar gum |
Dec-Mar |
Eucalyptus conferruminata * |
Spider gum. |
Sep-Mar |
Eucalyptus diversicolor * |
Karri gum |
Sep-Apr |
Eucalyptus / ficifolia |
Red flowering gum |
Sep-Apr |
Eucalyptus gomphocephala |
Tuart gum |
Nov-May |
Eucalyptus grandis * |
Saligna gum |
Sep-May |
Eucalyptus / Corymbia maculata |
Spotted gum |
Feb-Jun |
Eucalyptus melliodora |
Yellow box gum |
Aug-Feb |
Eucalyptus paniculata |
Grey ironbark gum |
Aug-Oct |
Eucalyptus sideroxylon |
Black ironbark gum |
Mar-Sep |
Eucalyptus tereticornis * |
Forest red gum |
Aug-Nov |
Eucalyptus viminalis |
Manna gum |
Feb-Jun |
Agricultural crops |
Allium cepa |
Onion |
Nov-Jan |
Brassica napus var. oleifera |
Canola |
Jun-Sep |
Brassica sp. (Broccoli) |
Broccoli |
Apr-Nov |
Brassica sp. (Cabbage) |
Cabbage |
Jul-Aug |
Brassica sp. (Cauliflower) |
Cauliflower |
Apr-Nov |
Citrus spp. |
Citrus |
May-Nov |
Cucurbita sp. |
Pumpkin |
Dec-Mar |
Daucus carota |
Carrot |
Nov-Dec |
Helianthus annuus |
Sunflower |
Jan-Mar |
Macadamia spp. |
Macadamia |
Aug-Feb |
Medicago sativa |
Lusern/Lucerne |
Oct-Apr |
Magnifera indica |
Mango |
Nov-Jan |
Malus domestica |
Apple |
Sep-Nov |
Prunus spp. |
Prune/Plum |
Aug-Nov |
Psidium guajava |
Guava |
Apr-Dec |
Pyrus communis |
Pear |
Sep-Nov |
Rubus idaeus |
Raspberry |
Feb-Mar |
Trifolium spp. |
Clover |
Jul-Sep |
Vicia dasycarpa |
Purple vetch |
Mar-Apr |
Vitis vinifera |
Grape |
Dec-Mar |
Suburban plantings |
Quercus robur |
English oak |
Sep |
Schinus terebinthifolius * |
Brazillian pepper |
Oct-May |
|
Suburban gardens |
Jan-Dec |
Weeds |
Echium vulgare * |
Echium/Bloublom |
Jul-Dec |
Hypochaeris radicata |
False dandelion |
Feb-Apr |
Leptospermum laevigatum * |
Coastal Tea Tree |
Aug-Sep |
Myoporum tenuifolium * |
Manatoka |
Sep-Nov |
Prosopis spp. * |
Prosopis spp. |
Oct-Jan |
Raphanus raphanistrum |
Wild radish |
May-Oct |
Indigenous / Natural Forage |
Natural species or species groups |
Acacia karroo / Vachellia karroo ^ |
Sweet thorn |
Nov-Jan |
Agathosma spp. |
Buchu |
Mar-Oct |
Aloe ferox |
Red aloe |
Jun-Jul |
Aloe marlothii |
Mountain aloe |
Jul |
Asparagus spp. ^ |
Wild asparagus |
Sep-Oct |
Carpobrotus edulis |
Sour fig |
Aug-Oct |
Erica spp. |
Erica spp. |
Apr-Oct |
Euclea spp. |
Guarris |
Jan |
Euryops Virgineus |
Honey euryops |
Nov-Jan |
Isoglossa eckloniana |
Buckweed |
Mar-Jul |
Mesembs |
Mesembs |
Aug-Feb |
Morella cordifolia |
Wasbossie |
Jan-Feb |
Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata |
Wild olive |
May-Aug |
Oxalis pes-caprae ^ |
Buttercup oxalis |
Jan-Mar |
Oxalis stricta |
Commom yellow woodsorrel |
Aug-Oct |
Protea spp. |
Protea spp. |
May-Dec |
Scutia myrtina |
Cat thorn |
Mar-Jul |
Searsia lancea |
Karee |
Oct-May |
Searsia pedulina |
White karee |
Apr-May |
Watsonia fourcadei |
Watsonia fourcadei |
Jul-Sep |
Zygophyllum spp. |
|
Mar-Apr |
Vegetation units |
|
Coastal fynbos |
Jan-Dec |
|
Mountain fynbos |
Jan-Dec |
|
Strandveld |
Jan-Dec |
|
Karoo |
Jan-Dec |
|
Indigenous Forest |
Jan-Dec |
|
Namaqualand & Renosterveld |
Jan-Dec |
|
Bushveld |
May |
Plants important to South African beekeepers as honey bee forage (adopted from 2011-2013 beekeeper survey; Tlou Masehela PhD Thesis). Beekeeper home province. Some species may not occur here, but beekeepers are moving hives to those species from this province.